Before starting a project, most development teams meet several times to decide the best language for their software.
Often this discussion comes down to Python and Golang.
Today Elitech Systems offers you a comparison between Golang and Python, on different parameters that will help you decide as a developer which language is best for you.
What is Python?
Python is one of the fastest growing programming languages. Python favors simplicity, easy-to-read code, and uses these features to attract people who are hesitant to learn complicated programming languages.
An important feature of Python is that it is an interpreted language.
Therefore, Python does not need to be compiled into machine code before it is run.
However, code interpretation generally takes longer, which means that Python is slower than compiled languages.
Many of today’s most successful tech companies choose Python for the back-end of their website.
In this list, there are notably Instagram, Spotify or even Netflix to name a few.
What is Golang?
Golang, also known as Go, is a computer programming language developed by Google.
Its development started in 2007 at Google, and it was presented to the public in 2009.
The objective was to create a language, freely based on the syntax of the C programming language, which would eliminate “foreign waste” from languages such as C ++.
As a result, Go instills many characteristics of other modern languages, such as overloading of methods as well as that of operators, pointer arithmetic and type inheritance.
Go, is a static typing language with a library that has nothing to envy to other languages, as well as performance and increased speed.
Docker, the most active open-source project in the world, is coded in Go as well as Uber and in particular Twitch, which shows that Golang is gaining more and more weight on the market.
Key Differences Between Python and Go
Below are the key differences between Python and Go:
- Python being a scripting language has to be interpreted whereas Go is faster most of the time since it does not have to consider anything at runtime.
- Python is a great language with an easy to understand syntax and hence more readable, flexible whereas Go is also in the prime league when it comes to clear syntax which holds zero unnecessary components.
- Python does not provide built-in concurrency mechanism whereas Go has built-in concurrency mechanism.
- When it comes to safety, Python is a strongly typed language which is compiled, hence adding a layer of security whereas Go is very decent since every variable must have a type associated with it. It means a developer cannot let away the details which will further lead to bugs.
- Python is less verbose than Go to achieve the same functionality.
- Python has tons of libraries as compared to Go but gradually this situation with Go is improving.
- Python still gains an upper hand when it comes syntax and thus user-friendly.
- Python is still a favorite language when it comes to solving data science problems whereas Go is more ideal for system programming.
- Python is dynamically typed language whereas Go is a statically typed language, which actually helps catch bugs at compile time which can further reduce serious bugs later in the production.
- Python is great for basic programming, using it can become complicated if one wishes to build complex systems whereas, with Go, the same task can be accomplished rapidly without going into subtleties of programming language.
- Python is more concise than Go. Dynamic typing helps but overall, one can also write very compact code with Go.
Python and Go Comparison Table
Below is the list of points, Describe the comparison Between Python and Go.
| COMPARISON | Python | GO |
| Python | Object-oriented, imperative, functional, procedural, reflective | Procedural, functional and concurrent |
| Execution | Interpreted | Compiled |
| Typed | Dynamically typed language | Statically typed language |
| Usage | Python is more focused to write web applications | Go is more focused on being a system language, still, it’s eating away python share of web apps |
| Memory | Python offers no memory management | With Go you can go dirty with memory management |
| Syntax | Syntax uses indentation to indicate code blocks | Syntax is based on opening and closing braces |
| Concurrency | Lacks inbuilt concurrency | Concurrency is inbuilt |
| Object Orientation | First class Object Oriented programming, support for functional concepts | Mild support for Object Orientation and functional concepts, but is strongly typed |
Speed
Go is definitely faster than Python. This makes sense, as it was designed specifically for high performance competition in the construction and rapid deployment of server-side scripts.
If you are programming systems, then Go might be the best choice. In addition, Python is used for just about everything in the world of software development and data science.
Over the next 20 years, as more developers and businesses implement Go, it could become a stronger competitor to Python. For now, Python still reigns supreme even if Go is faster.
Scalability
Go was specially designed for scalability the size of Google. The language makes it possible to manage several tasks and quickly increase the size of the application according to demand. It is designed to be scaled. Go is therefore very scalable over time and is a great force for him.
Python was not originally designed to be very scalable.
In terms of comparison to Go, Go is going to be the winner. Python has multiprocessing capabilities and a rich library, but Go being a little more modern wins hands down
Conclusion
It is difficult to draw conclusions in the Go vs. discussion. Python because comparing a mature language with a relatively young language does not seem fair.
Python is the leading language not only in machine learning, data analysis, but also in web development.
Golang has only been in existence for a decade, and it has not yet built a solid ecosystem or community.
An obvious advantage of Go is its speed. While Python bows to Go in terms of code execution, Go admits defeat in production speed.
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